Chlorine is used in the manufacture of a multitude of products such as plastics, paper, medicine, insecticides, disinfectants, textiles, dyes and petroleum products.Chlorine appears often in organic chemistry reactions where it replaces hydrogen atoms in molecules.The ammonia reacts with the chlorine and forms a white mist near the leak. Leaks in containers are detected using ammonia. Leaking chlorine containers are hazardous.Chlorine gas is also denser than air and would settle in low lying areas such as trenches and foxholes. Concentrations around 1000 parts per million are typically fatal after a few breaths. It reacts with the mucous membranes and can burn the skin. Chlorine was an early chemical weapon.Humans can detect the smell at concentrations as low as 3.5 parts per million. Chlorine gas is has a yellow-green color and a strong smell.Chlorine is the ninth most abundant element in the human body.Chlorine is the 21st most abundant element in the Earth’s crust.Chlorine is the third most abundant element in the Earth’s oceans.You are much more likely to find chlorine combined with other elements (such as table salt NaCl) or itself the form Cl 2. Chlorine rarely occurs freely in nature.The half-life is 301,200 years and can be found naturally in trace quantities.Įlectron shell configuration of a chlorine atom. It is formed when cosmic radiation interacts with atmospheric chlorine. Chlorine-36 decays by β- decay into 36Ar 98.1% of the time or 36S by electron capture 1.9% of the time. 24.23% of natural chlorine is chlorine-37.Ĭhlorine-36 is a radioactive isotope containing 19 neutrons.
75.77% of natural chlorine is chlorine-35.Ĭhlorine-37 is a stable isotope containing 20 neutrons. Twenty two radioactive isotopes exist ranging from 28Cl to 51Cl.Ĭhlorine-35 is a stable isotope containing 18 neutrons. Natural chlorine is comprised of two stable isotopes: 35Cl, and 37Cl. Name Origin: Davy named the new element chlorine from the Greek word chloros meaning yellow-green. This belief continued until 1811 when Sir Humphry Davy showed there was no oxygen in chlorine gas. He thought the yellow gas he collected was an oxide of another compound, not a new element. Scheele isolated chlorine from hydrochloric acid.
If a single value of the atomic mass is needed, use 35.4527.Įlectron Configuration: 3s 23p 5 (shorthand) or 1s 22s 22p 63s 23p 5 (full) IUPAC guidelines to reflect the physical and chemical history of the magnesium sample.
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